The big question is whether these differences in structure and function are present from birth in people with HSAM or develop differently because these individuals are constantly calling up more memories. When asked to remember events from their lives, they are much faster than the average person at accessing those memories, and specific regions of their brains interact more quickly. McGaugh has also identified differences in the brain activity of people with HSAM. (Both of these areas have been identified as important to learning and memory.) “A fiber pathway connecting the back of the brain to the front of the brain appears to be more active.” Memory-Charged Brains “An area in the region of the striatum is larger, as well as a region in the parahippocampal gyrus,” Dr. McGaugh and his team have identified some key differences in both the brain structures and the brain function of people like Henner and Price. McGaugh has found, is in their ability to recall the events of their own lives and those around them, and the dates and days when those events happened. People with HSAM perform similarly to their peers on most standard memory tests. The others, they have good memories, but they’re not like these people.” “When we screen them, only about 15 to 20 percent who claim they have this ability actually turn out to have it. Every week, he hears from about three or four people who claim to have the condition, although most of them don’t. McGaugh has authenticated approximately 100 people with HSAM. Since meeting Jill Price, one of the first people to be diagnosed with the condition, in 2000, Dr. Highly superior autobiographical memory is a “brand-new chapter in the field of memory,” says Dr. Stephen Wiltshire, a British artist and autistic savant whose story was recounted by Oliver Sacks in An Anthropologist on Mars (Vintage Books, 1995), can draw a landscape from memory after seeing it only once. Laurence Kim Peek, who inspired the movie Rain Man, memorized more than 7,600 books. In some cases of unusual memory, people have what’s been called “savant syndrome”-serious cognitive disabilities, but extraordinary recall. But a true “photographic memory” is a misnomer, says James McGaugh, PhD, founding chair of the department of neurobiology and behavior and founding director of the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory at the University of California-Irvine. The condition is most common in children and tends to go away in adulthood. Other types of unusual memory include something called “eidetic memory”-the ability to look at an image once briefly and then recall it in detail. Find out what researchers are learning by studying people like her.Īctress Marilu Henner, best known for her role as Elaine Nardo in the hit sitcom Taxi, has a highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM), a rare condition shared by only 100 people worldwide. Actress Marilu Henner Helps Researchers Learn More About MemoryĪctress Marilu Henner talks about what it’s like to live with an extraordinary memory.
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